What role do cyanobacteria play in aquatic ecosystems?

Cyanobacteria play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems primarily through their ability to perform photosynthesis, which is essential for both fresh and marine waters. As photosynthetic organisms, they utilize sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process not only provides a significant source of organic matter for various aquatic organisms but also contributes to the oxygen supply in these ecosystems.

Additionally, cyanobacteria are often at the base of the food web, serving as primary producers. Their capacity to conduct photosynthesis allows them to thrive in a variety of aquatic environments, and their biomass can support diverse communities of aquatic life.

While cyanobacteria do contribute to nutrient cycling and can impact CO2 levels, their most critical function within aquatic ecosystems is their role as photosynthetic organisms, thereby making them integral to the energy flow and overall health of these ecosystems.