What is the process called that involves the diffusion of a solute?

The process that specifically involves the diffusion of a solute is known as dialysis. In dialysis, a semi-permeable membrane allows solutes to pass through while preventing larger molecules or particles from moving, effectively separating them based on size and concentration. This process is commonly used in medical treatments, such as kidney dialysis, to remove waste products from the blood.

Diffusion, while related, refers to the movement of solutes from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without a membrane, and it encompasses any movement of molecules. Osmosis is a specific type of diffusion that focuses solely on the movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane. Filtration involves separating particles based on size and does not specifically pertain to the diffusion of solutes. Hence, dialysis is the most accurate term when referring to the diffusion of a solute across a membrane.